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Analysis of Phytomass Yield in Wheat

Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci., Rampur, Nepal

^* Corresponding author.

Grain yield (GRY) increases in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) have been achieved through increases in harvest index (HI). Further improvements in HI appear difficult so further increases in GRY may have to come through increases in phytomass yield (PMY). Increases in PMY also should increase yield of nongrain plant parts (NGRY) which is important both for wheat pasture and for feeding straw to cattle in developing countries. A study was undertaken to examine variation for PMY in 20 genetically diverse wheat genotypes and to analyze GRY and NGRY constituents of PMY. Replicated field tests were conducted at Rampur, Nepal in 1989 and 1990 under two production systems. There were significant effects of year and production system on PMY, GRY, NGRY, and HI. Significant genotypic variations existed for PMY, GRY, NGRY, and HI. All genotypes produced higher PMY, GRY, and NGRY under high fertility production system than under low fertility production system. Genotype-by-production system interactions were significant for PMY, GRY, and NGRY and genotype-by-year interactions were significant for PMY, NGRY, and HI. High PMY usually resulted in high GRY and high NGRY which is desirable in developing countries where both GRY and NGRY determine the economic success of a cultivar. The presence of high positive correlations between PMY and GRY (r = 0.84, P < 0.01), PMY and NGRY (r = 0.94, P < 0.01), and an intermediate positive correlation between GRY and NGRY (r = 0.60, P < 0.01) suggested that these traits might be selected simultaneously for improvements.

Received for publication January 15, 1991.

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