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Florigraze Rhizoma Peanut in Association with Warm-Season Perennial Grasses

Agric. Res. and Education Center, Jay, FL 32565-9524

^* Corresponding author.

The rhizoma peanut (Arachis glabrata Benth.), a warm-season perennial legume, offers enough promise to justify investigating its potential as a companion legume with various adapted perennial grasses. A field experiment was conducted on an Orangeburg sandy loam (fineloamy, siliceous, thermic Typic Paleudults) near Jay, FL, to determine the efficacy of using ‘Florigraze’ rbizoma peanut with ‘Tiffon 44’ bermudagrass [Cynodon dactydon (L.) Pers.], ‘Floralta‘ limpograss [Hemarthria altissima (Poir.) Stapf and C. E. Hubb], and ‘Pensacola’ bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge) from 1981 through 1988. Volunteer grasses replaced Floralta in 1985 through 1988, and cool-season forage crops, ‘Wrens abruzzi’ rye (Secale cereale L.), ‘Fla. 80’ ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), and ‘Dixie’ crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L) were then seeded over the peanut-grass plots in the fall. Dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), and digestible organic matter (DOM) production of the combined grass and legume forage were determined. During the first 4 yr, the yields of DM, CP, and DOM from each grass-peanut mixture were essentially equal; however, more DM and DOM were produced by limpograss-peanut in 1981 and 1982. In the last 4 yr, the volunteer grass-peanut generally produced the least DM, and less DOM, in 1986 and 1987. The peanut content decreased during the last 4 yr in all mixtures but most markedly in the bahiagrass-peanut mixture. In general cool-season crops performed best when seeded over bermudagrass-peanut followed by performance over volunteer grass-peanut and bahiagrass-peanut, respectively. Rhizoma peanut can be successfully grown with various perennial grasses for several years but may eventually be crowded out by such thick-sodded grasses as Pensacola bahiagrass.

Received for publication December 21, 1990.

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