Agronomy Journal Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education
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Published online 1 July 1990
Published in Agron J 82:834-840 (1990)
© 1990 American Society of Agronomy
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Rice Photosynthesis and Evapotranspiration in Subambient, Ambient, and Superambient Carbon Dioxide Concentrations

J. T. Baker*, L. H. Allen, Jr. and K. J. Boote

Agron. Dep., Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
USDA-ARS, Bldg. 164, Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
Agron. Dep., Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611

P. Jones and J. W. Jones

Agric. Engin. Dep., Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611.

* Corresponding author.

The current global rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration, [CO2], has stimulated interest in the response of agricultural crops to ICO2]. The objectives were to determine the effects of [CO2] on photosynthesis, evapotranspiration, and water use efficiency of rice (Oryza sativa, L., cv. IR-30). Rice plants were grown in naturally sunlit, plant growth chambers in subambient (160 and 250), ambient (330), or superambient (500, 660, and 900 nmol CO2 mol–1 air) |CO2] treatments. Photosynthetic light response curves were analyzed to obtain estimates of canopy light utilization efficiency ({alpha}) and canopy conductance to CO2 transfer ({tau}). Estimates of a increased with increasing [CO2] treatment with the greatest increase in the 160 ito 500 µmol mol–1 treatments. Estimates of {tau} were more variable tham those for {alpha} and were not different among [CO2] treatments. Photosynthetic rates increased with increasing [CO2] treatment from 160 to 500 µmol mol–1 followed by a leveling off of the response among the superambient [CO2] treatments. Evapotranspiration decreased while water-use efficiency increased with increasing [CO2]. Shortterm cross-switching of [CO2] among the chambers revealed a profound adaptive response to long-term [CO2] growth treatments. Photosynthetic rate, measured at a common [CO2], decreased with increasing long-term [CO2] growth treatment. The lack of further Photosynthetic response above the 500 µmol mol–1 [CO2] treatment appears to indicate a need to select or screen rice cultivars for increased response to superambient [CO2] in order to more fully take advantage of future increases in global atmospheric [CO2].

Contribution by the Inst. of Food and Agric. Sci., Univ. of Florida, and the USDA-ARS. Supported in part by the U.S. DOE, Carbon Dioxide Res. Div., Interagency Agreement no. DE-AI01-81ER60001. Florida Agric. Exp. Stn. Journal Series no. R-00058.

Received for publication July 24, 1989.


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