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Growth, Grain Yield, and Tissue Mineral Concentration of Corn Treated with Ethephon

Dep. Of Agronomy, Univ of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
Dep. of Agronomy, Univ of Georgia, Georgia Station, Griffin, GA 30223

^* Corresponding author.

Corn (Zea Mays L.) lodging limits grain yield (yield) in the southeastern USA. Ethephon (2-chloroethyl-phosphonic acid) can reduce lodging, but its effect on tissue mineral concentration is unknown. The objectives of this study were to measure the effect of ethephon application rate and time on mineral concentration of tissue, yield, and lodging of corn. Field experiments were conducted during 1986 and 1987 on a Dothan loamy sand (fine-loamy, siliceous, thermic Plinthic Paleudults). Three corn hybrids were planted as a four x three factorial of rate (0, 0.14, 0.28, and 0.56 kg ethephon ha^–1 and application time (1 to 2 cm long developing tassel as Time 1; Time 1 + 6 d; Time 1 + 12 d). Yield and grain moisture decreased as rate increased. Plant and ear height decreased as rate increased, and the magnitude of the inhibition increased as application time was delayed. Earleaf concentration (ELC) of N, P, K, Ca, S, B, and Cu; and grain concentration of N, P, K, and Mg increased (7 to 20%) as rate increased. Except for Zn ELC and K ELC, time did not affect mineral concentration.

Received for publication April 4, 1988.