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Aerial Parts of Hard Red Spring Wheat. III. Nitrogen and Phosphorus Concentration and Content in Kernels, Anthesis to Ripe Stage¹

Information is lacking on N and P concentration and content in kernels of hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) over the course of grain filling. Such information would be of benefit in making nutrient management decisions and provide algorithms for plant development/yield modelers. Concentration and content of N and P were measured twice weekly in composited kernels of all spikes from a 1-m length of row, field-grown on Williams loam (fine-loamy, mixed Typic Argiborolls), during 3 crop years with fertilizer N rates, cultivars, and water management variables. Concentrations and contents were regressed with both days (DAYS) and growing degreedays (GDD) accumulated from anthesis. With all treatments combined, the R² relating kernel N and P concentration to DAYS was 0.45 and 0.49, respectively, and to GDD, 0.44 and 0.41, respectively. Peak N and P concentration, about 46.2 and 8.3 g kg^–1, respectively, occurred within 1 to 2 DAYS after anthesis. Concentration at maximum kernel dry matter was 33.1 and 5.0 g kg^–1 for N and P, respectively. The R² relating kernel N and P content to DAYS was 0.95 and 0.92, respectively, and to GDD, 0.95 and 0.92, respectively. The N and P content increased about 30 µg N and 4.7 µg P kernel^–1 DAY^–1 during the constant-rate phase of grain filling. Both N and P uptake closely paralleled kernel dry matter assimilation.

Key Words: Triticum aestivum L. • Lag phase • Constant-rate phase • Growing degree-day • Modeling • Days after anthesis

² Soil scientist, plant physiologist, and soil scientist, respectively.

Received for publication January 12, 1987.

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