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Soybean Growth as Influenced by Planting Date, Cultivation, and Weed Removal¹

Knowledge of weed interference is important for designing weed control systems for agronomic crops. Research was initiated to determine the critical periods of weed interference in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and the minimum weed removal requirements needed to achieve optimum seed yields. In a field infested with mainly broadleaf weeds, a 4-week weed-free period after planting was needed to achieve optimum yields in early and late planted soybean grown on a Sharpsburg silty clay loam (fine, montmorillonitic, mesic Typic Argiudoll). Plots cultivated about 3 and 5 weeks after planting required only one handhoeing 2 weeks after planting to obtain optimum soybean yields. Weeds left 4 weeks before removal, but not 6 weeks, did not reduce soybean yields in early or late planted soybean. Results indicate that if soybeans are kept weed-free the first 4 weeks after planting or if weeds are not left undisturbed longer than 4 weeks after planting, optimum soybean yields should occur.

Key Words: Abutilon theophrasti Medic. • Amaranthus tuberculatos (Moq.) Sauer • Competition • Glycine max (L.) Merr. • Interference

² Former graduate research assistant and professor, Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583, respectively.

Received for publication June 18, 1984.