Agronomy Journal Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education
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Published online 1 May 1983
Published in Agron J 75:497-501 (1983)
© 1983 American Society of Agronomy
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Leaf and Canopy Temperatures of Pearl Millet Genotypes under Irrigated and Nonirrigated Conditions1

Piara Singh and E. T. Kanemasu2

It has been reported from previous research that leaf and canopy temperatures correlate with the level of water stress in a plant. If genotypes of a given species differ in their response to water stress, then leaf and canopy temperatures could serve as indices of their drought resistance. To test this hypothesis, 10 pearl millet (Penniserum americanum (L.) Leeke) genotypes differing in plant morphology were grown on a Eudora silt loam soil (fine silty, mixed, mesic, Pachic Haplustoll) under both irrigated and nonirrigated conditions. Leaf temperature (Tl), canopy temperature (Tc), canopy minus air temperature (Tc - Ta), leafwater potential ({Psi}l), leaf-diffusion resistance (LDR), water use (WU), and crop yields were observed in both irrigated and nonirrigated treatments. Significant differences (P<0.05) were found in the grain yield, Tc, and Tc - Ta of genotypes, only in the irrigated treatment. Grain yield was negatively and significantly correlated with average afternoon Tc(r = –0.81) and average afternoon Tc - Ta(r = –0.78). Grain yield ratio (nonirrigated grain yield/irrigated grain yield) was positively and significantly correlated with average afternoon Tl(r = 0.64), average afternoon Tc(r = 0.64), and average afternoon Tc - Ta(r = 0.75). In the nonirrigated treatment, however, correlations of grain yield and grain yield ratio with various stress indices were nonsignificant. Average afternoon Tc and Tc - Ta was significantly correlated with average afternoon LDR only in the irrigated treatment. This study suggests that average afternoon Tc and Tc - Ta as observed in a nonstressed environment with an infrared thermometer could effectively be used as a technique to screen millet genotypes for their grain yield and grain-yield stability (nonirrigated grain yield/irrigated grain yield).

Key Words: Canopy minus air temperature • Water stress • Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke • Drought screening

1 Contribution No. 82-325-j; Dep. of Agronomy, Evapotranspiration Laboratory, Kansas Agric. Exp. Stn., Manhattan, KS 66506.

2 Soil scientist with the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru P.O., A.P. 502 324, India (formerly graduate research assistant, Kansas State Univ.) and research microclimatologist, Evapotranspiration Lab., Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS 66506.

Received for publication April 14, 1982.




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Copyright © 1983 by the American Society of Agronomy.