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Ammonia Volatilization from Fertilized Turfgrass Stands¹

Nitrogen applied to turfgrass stands can be lost through leaching, denitrification, or ammonia (NH₃) volatilization. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of N carrier and mode of application on NH₃ volatilization from a Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) turf growing on an acidic (pH 6.4) Flanagan silt loam (fine, montmorillonitic, mesic Aquic Argiudoll) soil. The NH₃ which volatilized after application of any of several sulfur-coated ureas (SCU), prilled urea, spray-applied solubilized urea, and two liquid N products was measured by passing the airstream from microecosystems, in which the treated turfs were growing, through an indicating boric acid solution to trap NH_3–. Ammonia-N losses after sulfur-coated urea fertilization ranged from 0.2% of the applied N when the fertilization rate was 98 kg N/ha to 2.3% of the applied N when the fertilization rate was 293 kg N/ha. When prilled urea was applied at a rate of 293 kg N/ha, NH₃ losses averaged 10.3% of the applied N whereas 4.6 and 1.6% of the applied N was lost after turf was fertilized with 49 kg N/ha from spray-applied solubilized urea and prilled urea, respectively. Ammonia losses from turf treated with liquid N sources ranged from 3.2 to 4.5% of the applied N. The results of this research indicate that ammonia volatilization occurs to a limited extent in turfgrass stands growing on an acidic soil.

Key Words: Nitrogen utilization • Poa pratensis L. • Urea • Sulfur-coated urea • Liquid N fertilizers

² Former graduate student, Horticulture Dep., Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (currently, assistant professor, Dep. of Plant and Soil Sci., Univ. of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003); assistant professor, Horticulture Dep., Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Director, Texas A&M Agric. Exp. Stn., Dallas, TX 75252.

Received for publication June 10, 1982.

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