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Selective Control of Sunflower in Soybeans¹

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is a difficult weed to control in soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. A variety of herbicide treatments and application techniques were investigated. Greenhouse and field research was conducted during 1978 through 1980 to investigate the efficacy of using bentazon [3-isopropyl-1H-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide] and bromoxynil(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile) postemergence to selectively control sunflower in soybeans. Using these herbicides in combination at lower than recommended rates reduced sunflower control costs from bentazon alone and soybean injury caused by bromoxynil. Field experiments conducted on a Sharpsburg silty clay loam (Typic Argiudoll) over a 3-year period with metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazin-5(4H-one] applied preplant incorporated or preemergence revealed more effective sunflower control from preplant incorporated treatments. The roller applicator, a selective herbicide applicator designed to eliminate tall-growing weed escapes, was used in field experiments for 3 years with glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine], dicamba (3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid), and 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid]. Use of the roller applicator was found to be inadequate as a primary method of sunflower control in soybeans, although it was effective against weed escapes since treatments containing glyphosate did control sunflower

Key Words: Bentazon • Bromoxynil • Glycine max (L.) Merr. • Glyphosate • Helianthus annuus L. • Metribuzin • Roller applicator

² Formerly graduate assistant, Univ. of Nebraska, presently with Monsanto Agric. Prod. Co., St. Louis, MO 63166; and professor, Dep. Agron., Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583.

Received for publication April 15, 1981.