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Effects of Nitrogen and Sulfur Fertilizers on Sulfur Content of Tall Fescue and Phalaris¹

In an experiment to determine the effect of N and S fertilizer rates on yield and S uptake by cool-season forage grasses, two cultivars of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and one of phalaris (Phalaris aquatica L.) were grown in greenhouse and field experiments on a Cahaba fine sandy loam (Typic Hapludult) at comparable fertility levels. Fertilizer rates in the greenhouse were 38, 75, 125, 175 ppm N and O, 5, 10, 20 ppm S. Nitrogen rates in the field were 85, 170, 280, 390 kg/ha; and S rates were 0, 11, 22, 44 kg/ha. Organic-S content of foliage was about equal in greenhouse and field experiments; it progressively increased with higher N rates but not with S rates. Inorganic-S content was much higher in the green. house experiment. particularly with phalaris; it progressively decreased with N rates and increased with S rates. Phalaris accumulated potentially toxic levels (to ruminants) of sulfate in the greenhouse but not in the field. Greenhouse-grown plants accumulated much higher levels of S than did field-grown plants, probably because the field soil was able to retain only a portion of the fertilizer sulfate within the rooting zone of the soil profile.

Key Words: Grass • Digestibility • Forage yield • Festuca arundinacea • Phalaris aquatica

² Research associate, professor, and assistant professor, respectively.

Received for publication June 5, 1980.