Agronomy Journal Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education
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Published online 1 July 1981
Published in Agron J 73:594-597 (1981)
© 1981 American Society of Agronomy
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Delayed Emergence and Temperature Influences on Cotton Seedling Vigor1

D. F. Wanjura and E. B. Minton2

Quantitative information relating the effects of delayed emergence caused by soil crusting to cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seedling vigor are needed to improve the technology for stand establishment. A greenhouse study measured the effect of crusted soil (Amarillo fine sandy loam, Aridic Paleustalfs) in delaying emergence for 50, 100, and 150% of normal emergence time for constant soil temperatures of 20, 25, and 30 C. Measurements of maximum emergence, seedling survival, hypocotyl diameter, and root disease rating were used as indicators of seedling vigor. Regression analysis indicated that seedling survival and hypocotyl diameter were minimal at 26 and 24 C, respectively, and root disease rating had a maximum value at 24 C. Seedling emergence and survival were significantly reduced when emergence was delayed between 50 and 100% of the normal emergence period, but almost all increase in hypocotyl diameter occurred in the first 50% delay. Estimates of reductions in vigor for seedlings emerging through crusted soil should be possible by measuring the degree of emergence delay and/ or hypocotyl diameter

Key Words: Seedling emergence • Seedling survival • Hypocotyl diameter • Soil crust • Gossypium hirsutum L. • Root disease rating

1 A contribution of the Southern Plains Cotton Res. Lab., USDA, SEA-AR and the Texas Agric. Exp. Stn., Lubbock, TX 79401.

2 Agricultural engineer, Southern Plains Cotton Research Lab., USDA, SEA-AR, Lubbock, TX 79401 and research plant pathologist, Cotton Physiology and Genetics Lab., USDA-SEA-AR, Stoneville, MS 38776.

Received for publication June 16, 1980.




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Copyright © 1981 by the American Society of Agronomy.