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Role of Minimum and Maximum Environmental Temperature on Maturation Period of the Cotton Boll¹

Temperature is critical in boll formation, and in temperate climates earliness is one of the main breeding objectives. The effect of night and day temperature on the boll maturation period of five genetically divergent cultivars of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) was studied in a 3-year field experiment at Sindos, Greece. Under a 24-hour cycle (mean temperature 18 to 32 C) night temperature shortened the boll period up to five times more than day temperature. Under a range of 16 to 30 C, day temperature favored boll maturation four to six times greater than night temperature did. The favorable or adverse effect of mean day and night temperature depended on the maximum and minimum temperatures.

Key Words: Cotton adaptation • Cotton breeding • Thermal effects

² Formerly plant breeder at Cotton Research Inst., Sindos, Greece and presently professor of agronomy at Higher School of Technical Education, Larissa, Greece; professor of genetics and plant breeding at the Univ. of Thessaloniki, Greece, respectively.

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