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Effect of Water Stress During Different Stages of Growth of Soybean¹

The effects on yield of controlled water stress applied at various stages of development were studied on two varieties of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), ‘Ransom’ and ‘Bragg.’ The plants were grown in a controlled environment chamber at 28/17 C with a 9-hour photoperiod at 450 hlx and an interrupted dark period. Interruption of the dark period was suspended for 7 days to induce flowering. Groups of plants were subjected to water stress during flower induction, flowering, pod formation, and pod filling.

Leaf water potential during stress fell as low as –23 bars, but after rewatering the potential of plants in all treatments returned approximately to normal. Plants stressed during flower induction and flowering produced fewer flowers, pods, and seeds than controls because of a shortened flowering period and abortion of some flowers. Stress during early pod formation caused greatest reduction in number of pods and seeds at harvest. However, yield as measured by weight of seeds was reduced most by stress during early formation and pod filling. Water stress at no stage of growth materially affected the oil or protein content of the seeds.

Key Words: Protein content • Oil content • Yield

² Associate professor of Pahlavi Univ., Shiraz, Iran, and professor of botany, Emeritus, Duke Univ., Durham, N.C., respectively.

Received for publication September 25, 1975.

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