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Beef Production on Bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) Pastures Fertilized with Anhydrous Ammonia¹

Smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) pastures were fertilized with anhydrous ammonia at 0, 112, 224, and 448 kg N/ha to determine the effectiveness of anhydrous ammonia as an N fertilizer on pastures and to determine the effect of high rates of N fertilization on seasonal trends in percent nitrate nitrogen (NO₃-N) and percent in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD) of pasture herbage. A rotational grazing system was used with four tester animals per paddock. Additional animals were available, when needed, to graze the excess herbage.

Anhydrous ammonia was as effective in increasing animal production per hectare as was ammonium nitrate at the same application rate. Nitrate concentrations as high as 0.25% were obtained in early spring with the highest N application rates. No animal disorders were observed. Level of N fertilization had no effect on percent IVDMD. Both percent IVDMD and percent NO₃-N were high in early spring, declined during the initial portion of the grazing season, and then increased during the later part of the season. Nitrogen fertilization affected the seasonal trend in NO₃-N but not in percent IVDMD.

Key Words: Nitrate-nitrogen • In vitro dry matter disappearance • Birdsfoot trefoil • Seasonal trends

² Assistant Professor and Professor of Agronomy, respectively, Purdue University; Former Professor of Agronomy, Purdue University (currently Professor of Agronomy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida); Superintendent, Miller Purdue Agricultural Center, Upland, Indiana.

Received for publication February 26, 1973.