Agronomy Journal Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education
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Published online 1 July 1973
Published in Agron J 65:556-560 (1973)
© 1973 American Society of Agronomy
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Cell Wall Properties of Cotton Roots as Influenced by Calcium and Salinity1

C. J. Gerard and E. Hinojosa2

Research was ,conducted to determine the influences of salinity and Ca uptake on cell wall properties of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) roots. It was postulated that examination of cell wall properties might give insight on the role of Ca in moderating the influences of salinity and toxic ions on cellular stability and plant growth. Age and Ca are essential to the development of thick cell walls in the stele. Thick cell wails exhibit high birefrin-gence under polarized light. Salinity reduced Ca uptake and concentration of cotton roots. Xylem and phloem cell walls of cotton roots grown in solutions with sufficient Ca and low salinity thickened and in about 70 hours, exhibited high birefringence. Young cell walls in the pericycle or laterals did not exhibit birefringence. Even at adequate level of Ca, salinity retarded the development of thick cell walls and high birefringence in the stele to about 140 hours. The time required to develop thick cell walls may determine cellular stability or breakdown. The birefringent properties of certain plant parts seem to offer opportunities to study cellular disorders in plants due to the stress conditions of Ca deficiency or salinity.

Key Words: Polarized light • Birefringence • Stele • Pericycle

1 Contribution of the Texas A&M University Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Texas A&M University. Weslaco, Texas.

2 Professor and Technician, Texas A&M University Agricultural Research and Extension Center at Weslaco.

Received for publication July 27, 1972.




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