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Influence of Fertilizer Placement on Yield Response of Soybeans¹

Placement of fertilizer in relation to the seed of most agronomic crops has been studied extensively. Limited information is available concerning the placement of fertilizer for soybeans.

Fertilizer treatments consisting of banded starter, starter in contact with the seed, and a combination of banded and seed placement were superimposed on broadcast fertilizer treatments at three locations. Responses varied depending on environmental factors. With low rainfall and a low soil test P level, the largest response was from broadcast fertilizer. Starter fertilizer had less effect on seed yields either with or without broadcast fertilizer even though both starter and broadcast effects were significant. With adequate rainfall and a low P level, the largest response was to combinations of starter and broadcast fertilizer. Yields were increased by as much as 746, 598, and 941 kg/ha with band, seed placement and broadcast treatments, respectively. When P and K levels were very high, no yield increases were obtained from any fertilizer placement. In fact, seed placement without broadcast or seed placement and/or band in combination with broadcast decreased yields significantly in many cases. Three soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] varieties were used at each location and the responses were different depending on varieties. The largest yield increases were obtained with ‘Corsoy’ and ‘Hark’ varieties.

Key Words: N, P, K, Seed size • Seed protein • Plant height

² Associate Professor of Soil Science; Professor of Soil Science and Superintendent, Southwest Experiment Station, Lamberton; Associate Professor of Soil Science and Soil Scientist, West Central Exp. Sta., Morris; Former Assistant Professor of Soil Science and Soil Scientist, Southern Exp. Sta. (Present address: 185 Pataliputra Colony, Patna 13, Bihar, India).

Received for publication April 28, 1972.