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Germination of Cultivars of Trifolium subterraneum L.¹

The germination of seeds of 11 cultivars of subclover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) grown in California was depressed by high temperatures, and depressed by low temperatures, or they remained dormant or non-sensitive in relation to incubation temperatures of 0.5 to 20 C. Cultivars with a relatively non-sensitive response to this range of temperatures were least responsive to other manipulations of the germination environment. Cultivars depressed by high or low temperatures were markedly stimulated in germination when incubated at 5, 10, or 15 C with an activated charcoal substrate, or in a CO₂- enriched atmosphere. Germination of the cultivars ‘Mt. Barker’ and ‘Bacchus Marsh’ at low temperatures was increased when incubation was on inclined plates. These cultivars also responded to the addition of 1.0 x 10^-4 to 1.0 x 10^-2 M KNO₃ solutions to the germination substrate. Pellet inoculation of seeds did not stimulate germination except with ‘Dwalganup’ at 0.5 to I0 C.

Key Words: Incubation temperature • CO₂-enriched atmosphere • Inclined plates • KNO₃ addition to substrate

² Range Scientists, Crops Research Division, ARS, USDA, University of Nevada, Reno, Nev.

³ Specialist, Department of Agronomy and Range Science, University of California, Davis, Calif.

Received for publication February 27, 1970.