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Effect of P, CaCO₃ and CaSiO₃ Fertilization upon Incidence of Corn Smut¹

Incidence of corn smut was investigated in two fertilizer (5 x 5 factorial) experiments on P x CaCO₃ and P x CaSiO₃. Phosphorus rates were O, 84, 168, 336, and 672 kg/ha; CaCO₃ and CaSiO₃ rates were O, 6.72, 13.44, 26.88, and 53.76 tons (metric)/ha. In both experiments, the effect of P on reduction of corn smut was statistically significant. Disease incidence was reduced from 12.1 and 13.1 to 7.4 and 5.8% with application of 84 kg P/ha in the P x CaCO₃ and the P x CaSiO₃ experiments, respectively. Further increases in rate of P did not significantly reduce incidence of smut below that of the 84 kg P/ha. Rates of CaCO₃ or CaSiO₃ did not significantly affect the incidence of corn smut, yet percent infection in the P x CaSiO₃ treatments was significantly lower than in the P x CaCO₃ treatments (P < .08). There was no significant effect of the P x CaCO₃ or P x CaSiO₃ interaction on incidence of smut. Soil pH, which ranged from 5.12 to 6.84, was also found to have no significant effect on infection.

Key Words: Ustilago maydis (DC.) Cda. • Disease susceptibility • Phosphorus deficiency symptoms

² Assistant Soil Scientist and Assistant Plant Pathologist, Hawaii Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Hawaii, Hilo, Hawaii 96720.

Received for publication November 24, 1969.