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Herbicides and Nitrogen Fertilizer for the Establishment of Three Varieties of Spring-sown Alfalfa¹

We evaluated the effects of ammonium nitrate fertilizer on yields and stands of three varieties of seedling alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) when these were treated and also not treated with preplant applications of 3.3 kg/ha of ethyl N,N-dipropylthiocarbamate (EPTC). Alfalfa was sown in April. In two experiments we applied an overall treatment of 0.55 kg/ha of 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butric acid (2,4-DB) to control broadleaf weeds. EPTC controlled weeds and increased yields of alfalfa, except when injury from EPTC occurred. Ammonium nitrate tended to reduce stands of alfalfa. Ammonium nitrate increased yields of Vernal and Du Puits, but not Ranger, when weeds were controlled with EPTC. Seedling alfalfa may not have fully responded to ammonium nitrate on EPTC plots because EPTC caused some injury to alfalfa and the fertilizer increased competition from broadleaf weeds.

Key Words: Ranger • Vernal • Du Puits • Medicago sativa L. • EPTC • 2,4-DB

² Research Agronomist and former Agronomist (Research Assistant), Crops Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Columbia, Missouri 65201. The junior author is now Assistant Professor, South Dakota State University, Brookings, S.D.

Received for publication September 4, 1969.