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Effects of Morphological Characteristics Upon Seed Yield in Soybeans¹

We measured the effect of several morphological characters upon seed yield in soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) by transferring each of the characters into a common background by a backcrossing program. Morphological characters studied were small seed, large seed, low number of seeds per pod, high number of seeds per pod, indeterminate growth, glabrousness, curly pubescence, dense pubescence, and narrow leaves. The effects of flower color and pubescence color were also studied. The only characters that influenced yield were indeterminate growth and glabrousness. We considered the lower yield for the indeterminate growth type to be the result of increased lodging and the lower yield of the glabrous line to be the result of early season injury by the potato leaf hopper (Empoasca fabae (Harris)).

Key Words: Glycine max (L.) Merrill • Indeterminate growth • Determinate growth • Glabrousness • Curly pubescence • Dense pubescence • Narrow leaf

² Research Agronomist and Research Assistant (Agronomist), Crops Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Stoneville, Miss. 38776.

Received for publication June 20, 1969.

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