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Sprinkler and Surface Irrigation of Vegetable and Field Crops in an Arid Environment¹

Solid set sprinkler irrigation with 3 mm/hour application rate was compared to flood irrigation in a clay soil and to furrow irrigation in a sandy clay loam. Equivalent volumes of water removed greater quantities of salt from the soil profile under sprinklers in the clay soil. Surface salt accumulation was greater under furrow irrigation in the sandy clay loam. Emergence and early growth rates of five field crops were equal or better under sprinkling in the clay soil. Early growth rates of 10 vegetable crops were equal or greater under sprinklers on the sandy clay loam. Final yields indicate the sprinkler irrigation will require more frequent applications than the surface systems. Sprinkler irrigation was shown to have a hig;her water use efficiency than the surface systems. A change in bed conformity made possible by sprinkling greatly increased the yield potential of vegetable crops.

Key Words: efficiency or orrigination efficiency • soil-texture • volume weight • bed configuration • leaching • desert • emergence

² Associate Water Scientist, Associate Specialist in Vegetable Crops, Specialist in Agronomy, and Associate Agronomist, University of California.

The authors gratefully acknowledge assistance from Rain for Rent Riverside Inc., Redi Rain Mfg. Co., Inc., Western Rainbird Sales, Buckner Industries, Inc., and Henning Produce Co.

Received for publication May 4, 1968.