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Plant Constituents of an Early and a Late Corn Hybrid as Affected by Row Spacing and Plant Population¹

An early and a late maturing hybrid corn (Zea mays L.) grown at different plant populations and row spacings were compared for proportion of ears, stalks, leaves, and husks to whole plant. Populations of 39,500, 49,400, 66,700, and 98,800 plants/ha were studied with each row spacing of 36, 53, 71, and 89 cm. The corn was harvested when the grain was well dented and silage and grain yields were also obtained.

The stalks, leaves, and husks, as determined by hand separations, comprised a larger proportion, and the ears a smaller proportion of the total dry weight of the late than early hybrid. Each year the proportion of stalks to total dry weight of both hybrids was the smallest from rows 53 cm apart. The weight of the total corn plant, averaged for both hybrids at all population levels, decreased slightly with each increase in distance between rows. As plant population increased, the weight of the individual plant constituents, averaged for both hybrids at all rows spacings, decreased proportionally. The average yield of silage was larger but the average yield of grain was smaller from the late than early hybrid. Planting at 98,800 compared with 39,500 plants/ha gave larger silage yields with either hybrid.

Key Words: Zea mays L. • corn silage yields • corn yields

² Associate Professor of Agronomy and Professor of Agronomy, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Research Division.

Received for publication April 1, 1968.

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